Pakistan: Political Curse Needs Urgent Cure

“America has, in recent years, altered its strategy in Pakistan in the direction of destabilization. In short, Pakistan is an American target. The reason: Pakistan’s growing military and strategic ties to China, America’s primary global strategic rival. In the ‘Great Game’ for global hegemony, any country that impedes America’s world primacy – even one as historically significant to America as Pakistan – may be sacrificed upon the altar of war……….  Pakistan will very likely continue to be destabilized and ultimately collapse. What is not mentioned in these assessments, however, is the role of the military and intelligence communities in making this a reality; a veritable self-fulfilling prophecy.” Andrew Gavin Marshall “Imperial Eye on Pakistan- Pakistan in Pieces, Part 1 (Global Research: 5/30/2011)

By Mahboob A. Khawaja, PhD

The corrupt PPP- military combined governance is a replica to what happened to the integrity of Pakistan in 1971 to dismantle the unity of Pakistan and the Generals and Bhutto surrendered the East wing to India to maintain their illegal political power. Once again, the same players have enacted the same tragic drama of power grabbing to stab again the remaining body of Pakistan.  Prevalent moral, psychological and political curse of the few egomaniac monsters premeditates all to zero sum game that Pakistani people aspire to look for. Stupidity and ignorance have come to rule, whereas, proactive vision, honesty and wisdom is in dire scarcity across the Pakistani political spectrum to re-enact the capacity-building – a moral and intellectual encompassed political leadership boost to the lifelines of the worn out national skeleton. Islam strives for collective thinking and approaches to complex problems – a community of likeminded people –intellectual and professional resourceful teamwork sharing best expertise and their experiences to find workable remedies, otherwise unattainable. There is a cure to curse generated by the Bhutto family and now inherited and onward implanted by the Zaradri regime. Once corruption comes into systematic societal thinking and practical domains and conditions which are conducive to political cruelty, insanity and moral and spiritual curse are established, the disease spreads with frightful rapidity. The federal governance, the assemblies, the Generals and the official infrastructures all reflect the sadistic outlook for more worst to come. More and more a nation lost with moral and spiritual power of unity find itself stranglehold by its inner generated conflicts of dark mindset and perverted priorities. What about situations where all is deliberately ruptured by insanity of the few, shattered apart, disintegrated to enrich few cruel monsters into extended governance – that is contemporary Pakistan? How to change the worst into best? In a knowledge-driven 21^st century global culture of change and human development and given the abundant resources of Pakistani’s educated classes enriched with forward looking visions, intellects and zeal, lot of ills can be diagnosed into workable solutions only if people with positive THINKING and dedicated energies were engaged in an organized scheme of things to pursue such vital national priorities.  Volatile issues demand urgent care and cure, not national curse to those who claim to be the political linchpin of the country.  Many divides exist between what is said officially by the PPP run crime- riddled administration and what the thinking masses experience in daily despairs, social, economic misfortunes and political horrors, street bloodbaths and foreign drone attacks, killing of the civilians, non productive commerce and trade, nothing moves in any rational direction to make their survival come true – a gruesome portrayal of so called democracy at work.

The in-house tragedy of vices and ruins so apparent, rather than finding solutions within the political activism, some smart guys find convenient sidetracks to run to the Supreme Court – a self-serving practice to avoid politically generated solutions to a naïve and lost sense of reality. Legal judgment do not change the human character or bring revolution nor determine the destiny of people or pave ways for sustainable societal change and development. History as a learning medium of knowledge is ignored; obsessive and on-going curse of the few feebleminded distorts the spirit of optimism. If Iqbal, Mohammad Ali Jinnah-Qauid E- Azam  and Liaqaut Ali were alive, they would have disowned this disdained prevalent national culture of wickedness – a “zalam and muzloom quom”  (nation) co-existing with the oddest to its origin and against its very moral and spiritual foundation.  Barbara…. A British journalist (Journey to Khyber Pass), a friend of late Miss Benazir Bhutto from her school attendance at Oxford describes something unusual. She came to see Miss Bhutto in early 1990 at the Prime Minister House and was well received. An army Colonel was to look after her visit and meeting with Benzair. While at the PM House, the Colonel raped Barbara in the luncheon room and she wondered why this unscheduled act of performance at the PM residence in day light. The Pakistani Colonel told her, it is normal, every day, Benazir and Zardari have friends and do lot of fun, no different than a prostitution house. When she met the PM, Benazir told Barbara “I cannot smoke nor drink in front of this crazy nation.” Barbara spells out that all concerned were aware of this corrupt culture at the time.

Nobody knows what is next – the best guessed politics of business as usual.  Men who are established corrupt, devoid of reason and honesty, indicted criminals and universally hated and rejected become “Our Man in Islamabad” – America’s Mr. Zardari and the Gang to rule Pakistan. Nothing else except ignorance of the facts of life reinforces the observation and image that the nation is demoralized and delusional lacking any sense of rational THINKING for its present and future.  Would a Change and Cure to the prevalent Curse come out of the nowhere?

The nation must realize the triviality and viciousness of the PPP- Generals naïve governance and opt out of the terrible sense of helplessness and imposed insanity of the few. Foreigners will not help Pakistan, their plans are working to disintegrate Pakistan. Nation’s own future is at stake. Andrew Gavin Marshall “Imperial Eye on Pakistan- Pakistan in Pieces, Part 1 (Global Research: 5/30/2011) states that “in December of 2000, the CIA released a report of global trends to the year 2015, which stated that by 2015, “The war in Afghanistan is inherently related to the situation in Pakistan……….Pakistan will be more fractious, isolated, and dependent on international financial assistance.”[1] Further, it was predicted, Pakistan:

Will not recover easily from decades of political and economic mismanagement, divisive politics, lawlessness, corruption and ethnic friction. Nascent democratic reforms will produce little change in the face of opposition from an entrenched political elite and radical Islamic parties.”“Pakistan-Psychodrama of Corrupt Politics” (opinion maker: 12/5/2011) the author noted the following observations:

“American friendship is more dangerous than its publicly defined animosity. Rejecting cynicism but pondering on the US rationale of “war on terrorism”, there are ample similarities of the blueprint what happened in Iraq, the same fate could be waiting for Pakistan.” 

The US leadership is entrapped in its own follies of war on terrorism. They appear to have lost on every major front of encounters in this adventure. Imagine, 40 years earlier Pakistan assisted American leadership – Nixon and Kissinger on PIA went to make the first historic diplomatic trip to China, met Mao Tse Tung to articulate and  define a new chapter of history in their ever progressive relationships away from the cold war ideological confrontations and wars. Obama did not bother even to mention Pakistan at such an auspices occasion when China’s VP Xii Piing -the next President is on an official visit to the US. What Obama did do, he killed 10 innocent civilian Pakistanis by drone attacks whose funerals were telecast on the global screen.

As of now, the Supreme Court found the PM Gilani guilty of the contempt of court in refusal to re-open the money laundering case against Zardari and his dead wife Bhutto in a Swiss Court of Law. Missing sense of rational responsibility to the interest of the nation and Pakistan was undermined and Zardari was preferred by the self- made PM. What are the characteristic of responsible people’s governance?  After blatant attack by the US led NATO operatives and killing of innocent 24 Pakistani troops on Pak-Afghan border, the movements of good and service to NATO were stopped in reaction by the authorities. NATO –America refused to apologize for this aggression and cold blooded massacres, yet the NATO supplies have again started to move to Afghanistan without any policy change. One can imagine, Pakistani ruling warlords must be well paid by the US cash dollars.

Like the cancerous ego, PPP-Generals governance tend on following a course of favorite perversion – away from the national interest of the people to increased torture, insanity of allowing the American drone attacks and bogus war on terrorism, murder of innocent civilians in Waziristan and elsewhere in the tribal belts – the known political monsters continue the game to divide and rule the human consciousness. Conscientious and thinking people of Pakistan must strive to workout freedom from exploitation and death squads operated by these cruel rulers. A dire sense of reality would ask for change and reformation of the cancerous political governance.

Andrew Gavin Marshall (“Imperial Eye on Pakistan- Pakistan in Pieces, Part 1 – Global Research: 5/30/2011), points out that David Kilcullen advisor to “President Obama warned in April of 2009, that Pakistan could collapse within months, and that, “We have to face the fact that if Pakistan collapses it will dwarf anything we have seen so far in whatever we're calling the war on terror now.” The adviser explained that this would be unlike the conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq, which each had a population of over 30 million, whereas  “Pakistan has [187] million people and 100 nuclear weapons, an army which is bigger than the American army, and the headquarters of al-Qaeda sitting in two-thirds of the country which the Government does not control.”

Plato noted that “thinking is man’s natural instrument for problem solving….any problem could be solved by thought.” There is a challenge and an opportunity for the new generation of thinking people to articulate a NEW FUTURE.

The Pakistani nation must see the mirror – look at itself straight, candidly and with fullest sense of responsibility:    who they were, where they are and where they are heading to – or the Nation stands no chance for the recourse or coming out of the deadly political stunts of the few, time killing legal battles and the historical graveyards. If the nation was not complacent in all of these sadistic misfortunes, the Generals, Bhuttos, Zardaris and Sharifs would have never had opportunities to molestation of the moral, intellectual and spiritual culture and values of Islamic Pakistan. None of these political figures (Bhuttos, Generals, Zardari and Sharifs and Chaudries) made any positive contributions toward a functional democracy nor did they have any knowledge of it to do so and to safeguard the integrity and security of Pakistan. History has a defined role and the present and future generations must give credence to these developments and learn to be aware of the future in waiting, and how best to make a navigational change to ensure independence and integrity of an Islamic Pakistan. If some were alive and you were to ask the Generals, Bhuttos, Zardaris and Sharifs, what went wrong with them?  What made them to transgress against the poor masses of Pakistan? Why were they dismissed from the public offices? What made them to act like cruel traitors to the interest of the Pakistani people?  Why could they not change their wrong THINKING?  Surely, they will claim innocence and blame others. But history sees the nations and leaders by their actions, not by their claims.

To safeguard from further collapse and economic and political destruction, Pakistan must be reconnected to its original ideology and purpose of the freedom movement from the colonial rule. Even if the obvious circumstances deny place for creative solutions and a new political system for change and freedom from the absurdity of the Few, but if there are mindful and active people of Reason and dedication to pursue change, the political framework – infrastructures (thoughts, people, institutions and priorities) of the Nation can be uplifted, reformed and rebuilt out of the deliberate chaos and neglect, political mismanagement and ruins of the few corrupted rulers. Could the THINKING PEOPLE of Pakistan reverse the course of junk history and make a new beginning based on the Islamic ideology and values of the concept of Pakistan? If so, hopefully Iqbal, Rahmat Ali, Jinnah, Liaquat Ali, Tameezuddin, Nazamuddeen, Ghulam Rasool, Faiz Ahmad Faiz and Moudoodi and their much anguished and deserted souls could re-visit the left-over half skeleton of the nation that appears ever void of rational spaces to be THINKING of new ideas and workable solutions to the prolonged curse of the Bhutto-Zardari- Musharaf- Generals- Sharifs-Chaudries  families.  After much degeneration and annihilation of the nation’s political activism, morality, sense of direction, public institutions and trust, could the new generations of educated, honest and intelligent Pakistanis get a breathing space – ANEW opportunity denied in the past, to initiate and build new political institutions and introduce educated proactive visionary leadership and help to protect the intellectual foundation, integrity and security of the besieged nation?

Pakistan desperately NEEDS in-house men of NEW IDEAS and intellectual and moral strength to MAKE A NEW BEGINNING and sustainable solutions away from the corrupt political and military absolute authoritarianism. Pakistan needs navigational change but there is no political system to facilitate durable political change on its own in a peaceful manner. Another military take over will not solve any problems but create more. One can imagine the most viable solution to the serve the interest of the beleaguered people would be to immediately remove the Zardari regime (although criminals do not go with out getting busted), and bring-in a non-political-non-partisan educated leadership and credible government for one to two years with the public mandate to devise a new constitution and encourage new generation educated Pakistanis to establish new political institutions and then arrange the next national elections for new assemblies and new governance. A keen sense of time and history with a focused mind and collective will can refurbish the nation and its dusted aspirations to find a workable cure for the on-going political curse inhibiting all positive thinking and optimism for the future. Late Dr. Ali Shariati often reminds us that “when people live in darkness, they lose sense of direction.” The THINKING hub of the society must endeavor to use collective thoughts and resolve with an inward eye – an eye not merely to an illusion of change but primary realties of political change with a commitment to the purpose and meaning of Pakistan and its freedom with a distinctive recognition that they have to transform the current absurdity into positive solutions onward to continuing building a better and promising future for the people of Pakistan. 

Courtesy: Opinion Maker

Love him, Follow him

Love is a beautiful emotion. It encompasses all the most beautiful things in the world. Every relation and connection gets stronger and durable when there is an element of affiliation and love added to it.  Beginning from our first love as a child for our mother to choosing someone to spend our whole life with, love is what makes life worth living. And, like all precious things in the world, this priceless treasure demands guarantees to keep it flourishing.

When you love someone, they are always on your mind and become the driving force of your direction in life. You love to follow them, obey them, do whatever you can to please them and try your best to avoid whatever displeases them. You share with them your problems and consult them for their best advice. Their name soothes you and their company is the most precious time of your day. Never do their messages and mails go unread or ignored.  The world sees you change when this beautiful feeling overpowers you, may this love be for a human, a mission, a career or simply a car or a gadget. Love changes your priorities and the colour of this feeling is evident on your face, feelings, words and actions.

We all love the Prophet Muhammad (May peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), the personality whose greatness is acknowledged by Muslim and Non-Muslim thinkers and scholars.  A warm friend and a guide for his companions, a devoted and loving husband for his wives, a shady tree for his daughters, a leader of the Ummah, an exemplary politician and a reformist who transformed the most uncultured Bedouin into the most disciplined force of people known to history.

His message which begins with the oneness of Allah and accountability of our deeds in front of Him, gives answers for all the problems we face today. But how many of us have actually explored the message he brought. Do we really know the message? The Quranic code of life sent to us though our beloved messenger of Allah still remains untouched only to be ‘recited’ when we are in trouble or a calamity afflicts us or becomes a part of the deluxe package that goes with the bride. How many of us consult his way in our practical lives when it’s a matter of celebration or woe.

We never see the Prophet (SAW) telling a lie, deceiving a human or even an animal, breaking a pact or a promise. He forgives and prays for the humiliating tribal chiefs of Taif and the people who throw stones at him. He rejects social inequality and all sorts of racial supremacy and lays down in his final sermon, the basic charter of human rights,

‘An Arab has no superiority over a non-Arab nor a non-Arab has any superiority over an Arab; also a white has no superiority over a black nor a black has any superiority over white except by piety and good action. ’

He sets best examples of justice and warns that the previous nations were destroyed because they only punished their weak and poor for crimes. He teaches us to have best of our behaviours and ‘akhlaque’ with our neighbours (Muslim or Non-Muslims) so much so that he once thinks that they might get a share in inheritance (because of the stress Allah has put on their rights). He cries for Allah’s forgiveness for us and stresses us to remain united and not be divided due to language, castes or sects.

”Learn that every Muslim is a brother to every Muslim and that the Muslims constitute one brotherhood. Nothing shall be legitimate to a Muslim which belongs to a fellow Muslim unless it was given freely and willingly. Do not, therefore, do injustice to yourselves.”

Non- Muslim minorities are at peace under his rule. Justice is served irrespective of faith, status or personal affiliation. He lifts the status of a woman from the one who was buried alive at birth to as high as a guarantee to get best rewards, may it be through serving and obeying one’s mother, taking care of a wife or raising a daughter with love. He brings a message that puts rewards in charity and spending from what we love most, giving an orphan a home and helping a widow to survive.

No one has the right to question anybody’s sincerity of the claim of ‘love for the Prophet’ but we all need some serious self-evaluation. When we claim to be his followers, it automatically makes us his ambassadors and representatives in whatever role and responsibilities we take. Do we consult the Prophet (SAW) in different matters of our lives?

Let’s follow the Prophet (SAW) to prove that we love him. Let’s celebrate him every day. Let’s light up our hearts with the beacon of his message like we light up the streets on his birthday. Let’s engrave those beautiful stories of his life, which we memorize and narrate, on our actions. Let’s check if our deeds are compatible with our claims of love towards him. In following him, lies the secret of Allah’s love, mercy and forgiveness for us.

‘’Say, [O Muhammad], “If you love Allah, follow me, Allah will love you and forgive you your sins. And Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.” [Al-Qur’an 3:31]

 Source: My bit for change 

Link: http://www.mybitforchange.org/2012/love-him-follow-him/

About the author

Aisha Aijaz is a medical doctor, specialising in Acute Medicine. She loves nature and likes to read poetry. She has recently won the Best Activist Blogger award by CIO & Google at the Pakistan Blog Awards 2011.

Also published on The News and The News Tribe

Allama Iqbal aur Ishq e Mustafa (Sallalaho Alaihi Wasallam)

WHAT IS ISLAM?

What is Islam?

The Arabic word 'Islam' stands for 'Submission' or 'Peace'. In a religious context, it implies the peace that reaches out to one when one completely submits oneself to the will of Almighty God. This is achieved only when the individual acts in accordance with the direction of his Creator in all spheres of life.


Who is the founder of Islam?


The Almighty God who created the universe, endowed man with a special gift of intelligence and thought, to enable him to discriminate between good and bad. Man has also been given, the freedom to choose his own path by either accepting or rejecting the instructions of the Almighty Creator. The divine revelations were conveyed by God to mankind through numerous prophets who preached the ideals to all communities during different periods of human history. The thousands of prophets whom God selected for human guidance have promulgated the basic doctrine with remarkable similarity. The belief in and the profound reverence for all messengers and revealed scriptures from God forms an integral part of Islamic faith. Islam is not a religion founded by Prophet Mohammed, (Peace Be Upon Him). The Quran has most emphatically corroborated the fact that the Islamic conception of life was revealed to man by a long chain of prophets chosen by the Almighty Creator.


Who is Muslim?

The word 'Muslim' means one who has submitted oneself to the Omnipotent Creator. A true Muslim is one who has disciplined his life in accordance with the instructions conveyed by God through His messengers. A person becomes a Muslim not by birth alone, but by his faith and deeds.


How can one be a Muslim?

"I testify that there is none who deserves to be worshipped but Allah. I testify that Mohammed is the messenger of Allah". By taking this solemn oath sincerely and endeavouring to regulate one's life following the instructions conveyed by Allah through his messengers, one becomes a true Muslim. By declaring that there is none worthy of worship save Allah, and that Mohammed is the Prophet of Allah, the believer announces his or her faith in God's oneness, His sole right to be worshipped and that Muhammed is the last of the prophets. It also confirms his or her belief in all prophets and the scriptures they brought.


Why does Islam seem to be strict?

No prophet taught that religion is to be confined within the walls of places of worship. On the contrary, Muslims are expected to follow the instructions of Almighty Allah in the course of all their activities in life. The word 'Muslim' means 'one who has submitted his self to the will of Allah', and for the same reason a true Muslim cannot compromise on anything that stands in the way of guiding his life according to divine strictures. The view that consciousness of God is to be confined only to the place of worship is alien to Islam. Muslims always have religion foremost in their minds whereas many others consider religion as irrelevant in the present age.


ISLAMIC BELIEFS

"O people! Worship your Guardian Lord, Who created you and those who came before you that you may become righteous. Who has made the earth your couch, and the heavens your canopy; and sent down rain from the heavens; and brought forth therewith fruits for your sustenance; Then set not up rivals unto Allah when you know (the truth)."  Holy Quran 2:21, 22


What are the Islamic beliefs?

Muslims believe in one, unique, incomparable God, in the angels created by Him, in the revealed Scriptures, in the prophets through whom His revelations were made to mankind, in the Day of Judgement and life after death, individual accountability for actions, and in God's complete authority over human destiny.

What does faith in 'One God' mean?

Allah, the Creator and Protector of all beings in the universe, big and small, in His essence His goodness and his deeds, remains alone and unique. One offers worship only to Him, who is Almighty, higher than everyone else and Himself being perfect in everything. By monotheism, Islam implies, not the mere belief that there is just one God, but it power the way for prayers and offerings to the one who is all Merciful and Omniscient.

Who is Allah?

          The Arabic word 'Allah' is the shortened form of 'al-ilah', 'The God, the one and only God, the first, the last, the eternal, the hidden, the manifest, the ultimate reality'. Even non-Muslim Arabs use the term 'Allah' when they speak of God. The basic creed of Islam is this simple formula: 'There is no God but Allah' ('La ilaha illallah'). The Arabic term 'Allah' denoting God, is unique in many ways. It has no plural like 'gods'; it has no gender like 'godess'; nor does this word generate a visual image of any kind. "Allah", He is God, the One true God, He is the one who deserves all worship and there is nothing comparable to him. Nevertheless, ninety-nine different attributes of Allah are named in the Quran.


Who are the angels?

Angels are the servants of God and they were created from light. They are beyond the realm and reach of human comprehension. They do not have freedom of action and can only carry out the command of God.


What are the Scriptures?

The Scriptures are the sacred books containing divine revelations from God which were conveyed through His messengers for the guidance of man. Prophets were sent to all peoples of all ages, to warn them and guide them to righteousness and virtue. The names of the four known scriptures are 'the Torah', 'the Zabur', 'the Injeel' and 'the Quran'. 'The Torah' was revealed to Prophet Moses (Peace be upon him) and it is the greatest among the Israelites books. The Zabur was revealed to Prophet David (Peace be upon him). 'The Injeel' which Allah revealed to Prophet Jesus (Peace be upon him), is a confirmation of 'the Torah' and a complement to it. The Quran, which was revealed to the last of the prophets, is but a restatement of the faith delivered to the prophets before him. The more the Quran is studied with an unprejudiced mind, the more this truth emerges, that the Quran is a confirmation of all the earlier scriptures and messages sent by God through His messengers who lived and preached among various sects of humanity.


Who are the prophets?

Prophets are men, chosen by God at various stages and under varying circumstances of history, to lead men from darkness to light. The Quran repeatedly states the fact that prophets with the same message were sent to each and every community. The process of revelation continued unabated, sometimes in succession, at other times in broken sequences until the period in history, when the termination of Divine revelation and messengership, with the Quran and Prophet Mohammed (Peace be upon him) became a significant milestone in the history of mankind. It is true that the lives and mission of many a prophet has been made obscure and distorted by legends that grew around them or by people with vested interests, who used the names of these prophets to exploit men and mislead them from the right faith. No prophet of God has claimed himself to be divine. They were all mortals who lived and passed away from this earth after completing their mission of conveying the basic message to mankind, which was a call for the recognition and affirmation of God's existence, uniqueness and Lordship over all creation. It is an integral part of Islamic faith to believe in all the prophets of God.




What does Islam say about life after death?

Death does not terminate man's life. On the other hand, Islam teaches that it is the door that opens to an eternal lifer after death. The appropriate reward for one's earthly deeds, good or bad, is disbursed only in the Hereafter. The Islamic belief is that mankind will be resurrected, on the Day of Judgement, after every creation is destroyed. After being reborn, man will face a trial which will be in absolute control of the Almighty. Here, all the good and bad acts of man during his sojourn on earth will be unfurled before his eyes in order to be ultimately judged by God. The virtuous will be rewarded with virtue and the wrong doers punished appropriately. Those who have made sacrifices and discharges noble deeds will receive the shelter of peace in Heaven and those who have denigrated their lives through vices and evil will be condemned to suffer horrors of Hell. Islam inculcates the concept of accountability both in public and private life of a person by emphasizing the paramount importance of life Hereafter for mankind.




What does faith in destiny mean in Islam?

The Law of God, the Creator and Ruler of the worlds, is a powerful, all pervasive law which governs all that comprises the universe. No creation can lodge this Law and man's position is no different. Even man's environment and physical constitution are regulated on the basis of this divine law. The good and the bad that befall him happen on the basis of divine Destiny. How they befall on each one is in accordance with the predetermined decision made by the Omniscient Creator, who is aware of the ultimate good and evil of mankind. Hence, Islam directs man to believe in Destiny, whether good or bad, which Allah has measured and ordained for all creatures according to His previous knowledge and as deemed suitable by His wisdom.

MUHAMMED (PBUH) AND THE Quran

"Those who follow the Messenger, the unlettered Prophet, whom they find mentioned in their own (scriptures), in the Taurat and the Gospel; For he commands them what is just and forbids them what is evil; he allows them as lawful what is good (and pure) and prohibits them from their heavy burdens and from the yokes that are upon them. So it is those who believe in him, honour him, help him and follow the Light which is sent down with him, It is they  who will prosper.." Holy Quran 37:15

What are the fundamental sources of Islamic faith?

The sacred fundamental sources of Islamic faith are the Quran, and the practice and example of Prophet Muhammed (PBUH).

Who is Muhammed?

Muhammed (PBUH) is the last of the prophets of Islam. It is through him that the religion of absolute submission to God, was perfected. Muhammed (PBUH) is not just the successor of Noah, Abraham, Moses and Jesus, but of all the prophets who were sent across the world, whose names are either known or unknown. His mission was not to establish new religion, but on the other hand, to perfect the Religion taught by the earlier prophets.

"We have not sent thee but as a (Messenger) to all mankind, giving them glad tidings, and warning them (against sin), but most men know not." Holy Quran 37:15

How was the life of Muhammed?

Muhammed (PBUH) was born at Mecca in AD 570. Having lost his father before his birth and his mother at the age of seven, he grew up as an orphan. Despite the immoral circumstances prevailing in the Arabia of his time, Muhammed was particularly well known for his personality radiating honesty, nobility, sincerity, generosity and trustworthiness. Mohammed (PBUH), at the age of twenty five married Khadeeja, a forty year old trader. He started receiving divine revelations at the age of forty. Being chosen as a prophet, he preached the divine messages to the people of Mecca. Their response however was bitter, arrogant and violent. Beaten up, tortured, and threatened with death, he fled his motherland to Yathrib (Medin) a city in the northern side of Arabia. Consequently a Muslim nation was formed in Madina and its leadership was taken up by him. Battle after battle had to be fought while in Madina when unbelievers attacked the Muslims seeking to destroy the religion of truth. In fact, they were battles fought for freedom to practice religion. The most amazing success of the Prophet's life is the tremendous success which he achieved in transforming the life of his followers in all aspects. In a span of just 23 years, he raised them from the depth of degradation to great moral and spiritual heights so as to make them a model for future generations. He passed away at the age of 63 in Medina, having lived a most fruitful life.

Why is Muhammed called the last prophet?

"Muhammed is not the father of any of your men, but (he is) the messenger of Allah, and the seal of prophets; and Allah has full knowledge of all things." Holy Quran 33:40

The earlier prophets had been sent exclusively to particular regions or sects. We learn that many prophets had predicted the arrival of a great prophet who would be a blessing to the whole world. Muhammed (PBUH) is indeed a prophet to the entire world. The messages presented through him are applicable to the last of man on earth. The super human powers which were bestowed on some prophets never lasted beyond their lives. However, the Quran which proves the Prophethood of Muhammed (PBUH), illustrates its consistency and supremacy and is open for verification by anyone. All authorities are unanimously agreed upon the fact that the life and mission of prophet Muhammed (PBUH) was realised completely under the fullest glare of documented history. The whole life of Muhammed (PBUH) has been recorded in detail and each incident, whether major or minor is worthy to be adopted as a model. It has been emphatically asserted that no messenger of God would appear after Muhammed and that all mankind ought to adopt the guidelines laid down in the Quran and to emulate the practice and example of Muhammed (PBUH) since the religion of Islam was perfected by them.

What is Quran?

The Quran is the final sacred scripture presented through the Last Prophet of Islam. It contains nothing but the words of God. It is the scripture that can guide all mankind to the last day. For the same reason, the very God who presented it, promised mankind that the Quran will be protected and preserved to the last without any alteration or interpolation. The Quran is the only religious text that is free from any human tampering. It is at the same time a text that can guide men of all times through the right path and is also an irrefutable evidence for the Prophethood for Muhammed (PBUH).

What does Quran narrate?

The Quran contains the moral instruction, essential for man to succeed during this life on earth and during the life after death. We may say that, the central theme of the Quran borders on the relationship between the Creator and the created. The Quran is full of narrations that speak of beliefs and practices needed to guide one's life through the path of virtue. The purpose of illustrating incidents of the past that have provided lessons for mankind, is to warn mankind against deviating from the path of God. Along with the precepts that aid to the refinement of the self, if contains the rules and regulations to be observed in life. Besides, the Quran also explains various universal phenomena, in a manner that convinces anyone of the existence of God. The Quran can also be said to be the crystallisation of one and the same religious consciousness preached by all prophets, and the collection of the essence and clarification of all the scriptures of the past.

Why is Quran considered divine?

The Quran is a unique book, the like of which is no man is capable of composing. Despite being compiled by an illiterate, who had displayed no literary flair until the age of forty, the unique literary style of the Quran, is one that remains absolutely inimitable. Amongst the existing scriptures, the Quran remains apart, for it can claim to be the only divine text that maintains the very form in which it was first presented. The moral codes laid down in the Quran are applicable for all times and matchless is the righteousness that they manifest. It is indeed a wonder, that over a spell of twenty three years, under varied circumstances, the Quran verses dealt with subjects that are vast and intense, without any discrepancy whatsoever. Incomparable and great is the transformation that the Quran engendered. In such a short span, the Quran transformed a degraded and depraved society to a point that attained the highest levels of moral excellence, making them the models for the future generation of men. It has been proved beyond doubt that, word for word the prophecies in the Quran stem from a supreme source. It is a greater wonder that the Quran, which was revealed fourteen centuries ago, at a time when the world was in absolute darkness in the fields of science and technology, does not contain a single statement that is contradictory to modern scientific knowledge. Yet another explicit evidence that indicates the supremacy of the Quran is that many of the findings of modern science attest the view that the Quran is indeed the word of the Almighty, the Creator of the universe.

"And if you are in doubt as to what We have revealed from time to time to Our servant then produce a Surah like thereunto; And call your witness or helpers (if there are any) besides Allah, if your are truthful. But if you cannot - and of a surety you cannot then fear the fire whose fuel is men and stones, - which is prepared for those who reject faith."     Holy Quran 33:40

ISLAMIC RITES

"Recite what is sent of the book by inspiration to thee, and establish regular prayer: for prayerrestrains from shameful and evil deeds; and remembrance of Allah is the greatest (thing in life) without doubt and Allah owes the (deeds) that you  do."   

What are the 'Five Pillars of Islam'?

There are five compulsory acts of worship that are paramount to Islam. They are the Vow of truth, Salaah (Prayer), Zakaah (Charity), Fasting and Hajj (Pilgrimage).

What is the Vow of truth?

"I testify that, none but Allah deserves to be worshipped and Muhammed (PBUH) is the messenger of Allah". It is after taking this pledge that one becomes a Muslim. The person who chants this pledge vows that he will offer worship to the One and Only creator and none else, and that he will lead his life, following the practice and example of Prophet Muhammed (PBUH).

What is Salaah (Prayer)?

"A person, who does not desist from bad and unjust deeds after offering prayers, strays away from Allah." Prophet Muhammed (PBUH)
  

It is the compulsory responsibility of every Muslim to offer Salaah five times a day. The timings to be strictly adhered to fall before sunrise, during midday, evening, after sunset and at night. The Salaah is to be performed after doing ritual ablutions which symbolises purification of body and soul. It is certain that the life of a true Muslim who sincerely takes the vow of truth and offers prayer five times, meticulously standing with folded hands, bowing, prostrating and sitting, thus involving oneself in a conversation with Creator, will be freed of all wrongs.

What is Zakaah (Charity)?

"Of their wealth take alms, that so thou mightiest purify and sanctify them; and invoke Allah for them. Verily! Your invocations are a source of security for them, and Allah is All-Hearer, All-Knower."( Holy Quran 9:103 )

 The literal meaning of Zakaah is 'to purify'. It is not just a form of charity or almsgiving. Muslims are liable to set apart a share of their own wealth for those who suffer poverty and want in the society. This compulsory charity is known as Zakaah. The Zakaah rate of per annum is fixed at the of 2.5% for goods to be traded and 10% for agriculture produce, (5% if the produce is the result of irrigation). Certain minimum limits have been prescribed for each item, above which 'Zakaah' is due. The Zakaah is to be collected from those liable by the government or by an institution entrusted by the community, in order to distribute to the deserving.

What is Fasting ( Saum )?

"Ramadhaan is the (month) in which was sent down the Quran, as a guide to mankind, also clear (signs) for guidance and judgement (between right and wrong). So everyone of you who is present (at his home) during that month should spent it in fasting."    Holy Quran 2:185

It is the responsibility of a Muslim to abstain from taking food and drink and also to abstain from sexual intercourse during day time for a period of one month. Ramadhaan, the month in which the Quran was first revealed, is the stipulated month for fasting. The believer who observes fasting for a month is able to elevate his self above all temptations of a physical nature.

What is Hajj ( Pilgrimage )? 

"Whoever performs Hajj solely for the sake of Allah and, in the course of it, abstains from sensuality and disobedience, he returns from there as immaculate as a child just born." Prophet Muhammed (PBUH)

Every healthy and affluent Muslim should undertake a pilgrimage to Mecca, once in his life time. This pilgrimage is known as Hajj. People of different nationalities, languages and colours, gather in millions at Mecca during the month of Hajj. The concept of one humanity upheld by Islam is explicit duringHajj pilgrimage when the pilgrims have the same thought, carry the same prayer on their lips, and are uniformly dressed (the man using just two pieces of cloth - one to wear and the other to cover and the women covering all the parts of their bodies except their face and hands). A single humanity, where there is no discrimination between master or labourer, black or white, elite or lowly, native or foreigner, is symbolized by the multitude of humanity that assemble for this holy pilgrimage.

What is Ka'baah?

The Ka'baah is a   place of worship situated in Mecca. It is the first shrine built to worship the Almighty. It was in the premises of the Ka'baah that Ibraaheem (PBUH), the prophet, abandoned his child and wife, obeying God's command. Ka'baah was rebuilt by Ibraaheem and his son Ismail following God's command. Muslims around the world offer Salaah, facing Ka'baah. The Hajj rituals are performed in the premises of Ka'baah.

Do Muslims worship Ka'baah?

           Muslims worship only the Omnipotent Creator of the universe. The Ka'baah is a creation, and being the first monument built for the worship of the One True God, Muslims revere it. The Hajj is performed around the Ka'baah, but it does not contain any prayer to the Ka'baah. This applies also to the Salaah being performed facing the Ka'baah. He who worships the Ka'baah and offers prayers to it, does not belong to the Islam.

What is the view of Islam with regard to Virtue and Vice?

Man is incapable of accurately distinguishing and understanding virtue and vice. Prophets were sent by the Almighty to enlighten man on the nature of virtue and vice. Prophet Muhammed (PBUH) is the last prophet and therefore for any man after Muhammed (PBUH), the yardstick to measure virtue and vice is simply the life of Muhammed (PBUH) and the Quran, the sacred scripture presented through him. It is sufficient to look up the Quran and the ideal life of Muhammed (PBUH) to comprehend the good and bad related to any subject.

What are the specialities of the character of a Muslim?

• All creatures are Allah's family; and Allah loves them most who treat His family well and kindly.
• Allah will not show mercy to him who does not show mercy
• The strong is not the one who overcomes the people by his strength, but strong is the one who controls himself while in anger
• Modesty and chastity are the parts of the faith.
• The one, who protects the honour of his brethren in his absence, will be saved from the horrible sufferings of Hell.
• It is treacherous to lie to your brethren in matters that he trusts you. Prophet Muhammed (PBUH)

The Quran and the sayings of Muhammed (PBUH) enjoins each Muslim to have the following characteristics in each of his actions. They are-honesty, justice, honouring of contracts, patience, perseverance, tolerance, mercy, humility, affection, decency, love, respect etc.

What are the characteristics that ought not to be in a Muslim?

• Anybody who speaks a lot will have a lot of mistakes, and those who commit a lot of mistakes will have a lot of sins, and those who have a lot of sins will in the Hellfire.

• No one will enter Paradise who has even a little bit of pride.

• To be virtuous is to be morally upright. Vice is which causes doubts in your mind and which you did not wish to be seen by others.

• Miserliness and immorality are two bad qualities, which can never come together in a true believer.

• Gossippers and slanderers will never enter Paradise. If any one has any of the following four bad qualities, he is a hypocrite. If he has the only one of these four, there will still be signs of hypocrisy in him until he gets rid of that vice. The four bad qualities are - betrayal of trust, speaking untruth, breaking agreements and shouting foul words during quarrels.  Prophet Muhammed (PBUH)

The Quran and the sayings of Muhammed (PBUH) make it clear that, Muslims ought not to harbour feelings deceit, jealousy, greed, hatred, treachery, extravagance, miserliness, pride, hypocrisy, vainglory, mockery, falsehood, gossip, scandal- mongering and short temper.

What is the Islamic stand regard to food?

Islam does not accept the stand which recommends the absolute abstinence from food and drink, in order to attain salvation. While permitting the consumption of all good food and drink, Islam strongly and particularly disapproved excesses in this field. A true Muslim is one, who completely abstains from the forbidden food and drink such as carcass, pork, blood, alcohol and the meat that is slaughtered in the name of some one other than Allah.

What is the Islamic code of dress?

Garments are for beatifying and for covering one's body. The mode of dress should never display excess show and arrogance. Islam teaches a decent way of dressing to all women and men. The paramount purpose of clothing is to cover one's nakedness. No man or a woman should dress in a way which rouses sexual desire in a stranger. Women ought to fully cover all the parts of their bodies except the face and hands. The aim of prescribing such a dress code for woman is to protect her honour and to ensure her safety.

How do Muslims regard entertainments?

Islam, while allowing all entertainments that cheer one's mind and body, strictly states that they should not transgress the limits. Islam detests all those pleasures which keep man away from the consciousness of God and those that cause moral degeneration.

ISLAMIC MARRIAGE, FAMILY AND SOCIETY

What is the Islamic view of marriage?

"And among His signs is this, that He created for you mates from among yourselves, that you may dwell in tranquility with them, and He has put love and mercy between your (hearts): Verily in that on Signs for those who reflect.." Holy Quran 30:21

It is the stern command of Islam that the sexual instinct, natural to man should attain consummation only through wedlock. Matrimony is a holy act. Celibacy has been strongly prohibited. Marriage is viewed by Islam as a sacred contract. The dos and don'ts that the two mates ought to adopt in matrimonial life have been prescribed by Islam. Obeying these stipulations, man and woman can ensure a successful and blissful married life and a peaceful life after death.

• The resources of this world are for you to enjoy. The best wealth you can have in this world is a good wife.
• The best wealth that a man can have in this world is a good wife. A good wife is one who is a joy to look at, one who obeys her husband's commands and one who protects the wealth during his absence.
• The best of men are those who treat their wives well. Prophet Muhammed (PBUH)

What is Islamic wedding?

When the father or the guardian of the bride offers to give her in marriage to the bridegroom and when he accepts the offer in the presence of witnesses, the marriage is solemnised. The prescription of Islam is that the bridegroom ought to give the bride 'mahr' (dower) on the occasion of the wedding and that the consent of the bride should be sought beforehand.

What are the responsibilities of man and woman in a family?

Going by the teachings of Islam, though the responsibilities and rights of man and woman are different in matrimonial life, they are complementary. It is the responsibility of the woman to maintain the home and their children. The man's duty is to protect his home and earn decent livelihood. Islam, which reveres the motherhood of woman, reposes the full responsibility on man to look after her and the children.


What is the Islamic view on polygamy?

Islam permits polygamy on condition that the husband treats the wives in a just manner. However the number of wives should not exceed four. It is sinful and mean to have extra-marital relations. As per the strict code of Islam, on no account should a man stray towards another woman. A man who cannot satisfy his thirst for sex with one wife is allowed to resort to polygamy. Islam completely bans the heinous practice of disowning responsibility after having sexual relation with a woman. Instead, Islam permits, in unavoidable circumstances, a sacred arrangement for keeping wives legitimately, where they are protected and allowed their rights without any partiality. There are contexts where the practice of polygamy becomes more of a social necessary than a personal need, especially when the number of women in a society exceeds that of men. Generally women out number men. During war times the proportion varies further, as men are more likely into account situations like this, when polygamy becomes socially indispensable, and permits it conditionally.

What does Islam say about divorce?
 

• A permissible thing which is most hated by Allah is divorce.
• Know that all of you are rulers and that you will be questioned about all that you rule over. A leader is a ruler. Every man is the ruler of his household. The woman is in charge of her house and children. Hence every one of you is a ruler and you are responsible for those whom you rule. Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)

Islam gives necessary instructions for the preservation of family relationship. Conformation to these instructions paves the way for a strong family bond and trouble free matrimonial life. However, Islam is not blind to the discords that may occur in family life. Islam recommends three practical and scientific methods to prevent the severing of family relations due to discord caused by lack of discipline. The first procedure recommends good advice, failing which one boycotts the bed. If this also fails, mild physical punishment can be given, without bruising her body or mind. When all the three methods fail, the relatives of the couple can arbitrate and try for a compromise. If this attempt also fails to reunite the couple, Islam permits a divorce in a decent manner. Islam is very stern on the issue of divorce and it is allowed only in absolutely unavoidable situations.

Who has the right for divorce?
       A divorce is possible for both man and woman who are certain that they cannot get along in any way with the partner. Only the manner of divorce varies a little between the man and the woman.

What does Islam say about bringing up children?

• Those who do not show mercy towards the young and those who do not show reverence towards elders are not to be considered to belong to our community.
• The greatest gift that a father can give to his son is to teach him good manners. Prophet Muhammed (PBUH)

It is the duty of the parents to bring up children who are the blessing of family life, in a manner beneficial to their life on earth and life after death. Parents should take care of the material and spiritual needs of the children. They should be loved and respected. Besides, they should be encouraged to do good and prevented form indulging in evil deeds. Islam permits minor punishments to correct wrong deeds without causing injury to their pride. Children should be treated equally. Islam strongly desires that both boys and girls should be brought up with equal regard, without any discrimination.

How should one behave to one's parents?

• One who breaks family ties will never enter Paradise.
• To give alms to the poor is charity. But if assistance is provided to a relative, then it is charity as well as strengthening of family ties.
• He who wishes to enter Paradise through the best door must please his parents. Prophet Muhammed (PBUH)

 "Your Lord has decreed that you worship none but Him, and that you be kind to parents. Whether one or both of them attain old age in your life, say not to them a word of contempt, nor repel them but address them, in terms of honour and, out of kindness, lower to them the wing of humility through mercy, and say: My Lord! Bestow on them your Mercy as they cherished me in childhood." Holy Quran 17: 23, 24

Islam teaches that after the obligation to the Creator, one's great obligation is to one's own parents. It is a great sin to be impertinent, negligent and disobedient to them. Only if parents ask the children to act against God, they shall disobey. Even if the parents remain non-Muslims, it is the responsibility of the Muslim children to look after them. It is the unavoidable responsibility of the children to protect their parents who have attained old age. Islam also teaches that it is sinful to rebuke and abuse one's aged parents.

How are the societies that have been conceived by Islam?

"O mankind! We created you from a single (pair) of a male and a female, and made you into nations and tribes, that you may know each other not that may despise (each other). Verily the most honoured of you in the sight of Allah is (he who is) the most righteous of you. And Allah has full knowledge and is well acquainted (with all things)."

Islam teaches that all men are the creations of the One and Only God and that they exist under His protection. It is from a single matter, the essence of clay, that everyone has been created. The origin of all humanity is from the first parents - Adam and Eve. The distinctions that men have created have absolutely no place before the Almighty who created them. The worship offered only to One True God is the source of strength that can unite mankind. Narrow mindedness and shriveled outlook disappear when one prostrates before the almighty. When one realizes that faith and good deeds alone are what makes a man noble in the presence of God, all hastiness and arrogance fostered by pride and vanity and he becomes humble and pious. With the realization that there is only one God, and that all men are His servants, with no distinction between the rich and the poor, the native and the foreigner, the fair and the dark, the elite and the lowly, the master and the slave, they prostrate only before him, the Almighty, the Merciful. This is the picture of the society that has been conceived by Islam, a society without narrow boundaries.

What does Islam say about the neighbourhood?

• I swear in His Name, Who holds my life, no man is a true believer unless he desires for his brother that which he desires for himself.
• Know that you are good if your neighbours speak well of you. Know that you are bad if your neighbours speak badly about you. Prophet Muhammed (PBUH)

Just as relationship in a family, Islam views that the relationship between neighbours ought to be warm and cordial. The Prophet (PBUH) advised decent behaviour to the neighbours without causing any kind of disturbance to them. He taught us to take into account the opinion of the neighbour with regard to one's character and personality. It is clear that the mutual responsibility amongst neighbours is indeed significant, as exemplified by the advice of the Prophet when he said that no true Muslim fills his belly when his neighbour is starving and that should be considered even if one has to dilute the broth by adding a little water.

Can a Muslim be communal?

Islam teaches that it is not one's birth, but good deeds and faith that determine one's nobility. The Islamic slogan "One God for one mankind" aims at eliminating all the narrow views, like communalism, casteism, racism etc. Prophet Muhammed (PBUH) declared in plain words that "He who invites to communalism, fights and dies for communalism, not belong to us". The followers of Muhammed (PBUH) therefore can never be communal.

What are the Islamic directions in the financial front?

According to Islam all the resources on earth have been created for mankind. It is the right of every human being to make use of the natural resources. Everyone has the right to work hard and earn wealth. However, the earnings should not be the result of the exploitation of others. Income can be earned through business, cultivation, hard work, trade, and the like. But in every transaction, clear moral instructions have to be observed. What one earns, while observing these moral laws, is his own and not of the society or of the nation. But it is the responsibility of the individuals to spend from their income, to meet the needs of the society and the nation. While Islam sanctions business transactions and approves of fair profits, it prohibits profiteering and hoarding. It bans taking or giving interest and usury. In business, there ought not to be deceit, treachery or fraudulence. The field of production should be free from exploitation. No product should be marketed suppressing its drawbacks. Miserliness and extravagance should be shunned. Aid should be provided to those who suffer from poverty. Zakaah has been instituted for this.

• One, who eats his fill while his neighbor starves, is not a true Muslim.
• The trader who is prompt and honest will be among prophets, martyrs and the righteous on Day of Judgement.
• Weigh correctly anything that you sell and when you buy something have it weighed correctly.
• Tell the buyer about the defects, if any, of the goods you sell. Having done that, the transaction is acceptable, if not detestable.
• All fraudulent and treacherous transactions are forbidden.
• Hoarding is a sin. One who hoards food grains in order to sell the same for a better price is a criminal.
• One who repays his debts promptly and in the best manner is the best amongst you.
• Allah's curse will fall on those who lend money on interest and on those who bear witness to such deals.
• Monopoly is unlawful in Islam.
• Cheat not in weights and measures. Prophet Muhammed (PBUH)

What does Quran say about master-labourer relationship?

It is only natural that the master and labourer come to picture when production, trade and cultivation set in. The relationship between the master and labourer does not warrant any confrontation. On the other hand, it ought, to be of co-operation, as per the teachings of Islam. The Prophet has said that the income earned through one's own labour is the best income. The labourer should be given the wages that they deserve. There should be a proper agreement with regard to the wages, between the employer and the labourer, before the work starts. The amount thus arrived at should be distributed without making any deduction whatsoever and it should be paid even before the sweat of the labourer dried up. The employee should not be exploited and he should have complete security while doing the work assigned to him. It is the responsibility of the employee to endeavour sincerely for a satisfactory completion of the work assigned to him.

• The best wealth is that which does a labourer earn..
• The best food is that which is earned by one's toil.
• Allah considers the labourer as His friend.
• Allah loves the labourer. One who toils for his family is like one whose struggle in the cause of God. Prophet Muhammed (PBUH)

What should be the approach of Muslims towards non-Muslims?

The teachings of Islam states that the Muslim community should coexist in complete harmony and tolerance with people of other religious communities. The Quran prescribes that as long as the other communities do not oppress the members of the Muslim community, they ought to coexist in love and tolerance. This has been demonstrated by Muhammed (PBUH) through his life. Even the subjects of a Caliphate have no right to hamper the freedom of faith nor the freedom of worship of the non-Muslim citizens. The ruler is liable for the complete protection of their lives and property. The Prophet (PBUH) has taught that it is an unpardonable sin to be unjust to non-Muslim citizens.

What is 'Jihaad'?

Jihaad means "effort", "strive" or "struggle". All efforts to sacrifice, adopting the divine path and in the pursuit of truth are Jihaad. The control over self and the surrender to the will of God, is the first phase of Jihaad. Jihaad is the conquest of one's self in order to ward off all kinds of temptations which might ultimately lead to evil. 

"Fight in the cause of Allah those who fight you. But do not transgress limits; For Allah loveth not transgressors." Holy Quran 2:190

Jihaad is also the worthy utilization of one's wealth, energy and time for the divine cause. Just as it is imperative for a person to worship the One True God for becoming a member of the Islamic community, after pledging the vow of truth, it is also his responsibility to propagate the message of the true religion amongst his fellowmen. The efforts of sacrifice which form the path of fulfilling the aforementioned responsibility, is indeed Jihaad. The message of the true religion should be conveyed to others by making one's own life the example of the teachings of the religion and also by resorting to the use of logic and good advice. Islam is averse to the idea of forced conversion. The Quran makes it very clear that in matters related to religion there ought to be no coercion, and the duty of the followers of the faith is just to enlighten the people and that if any person accepts the faith should be done it on his own accord. Islam does not permit attack on innocent people in the name of religion. Islam permits the use of force if it is indispensable, to ensure freedom of religion in the event of a situation where the right to live according to the tenets of Islam is denied and the freedom to propagate religion is hampered. Islam has sanctioned war only to ensure the end of violence and restoration of peace. It is the stricture of the Quran that even in war one should not shed one's dignity nor should one transgress the limits. In the event of a Muslim society being forced into war, all those who are able and healthy should volunteer. All these efforts of sacrifice to protect the true religion constitute Jihad. The armed war is but the last of them, which would be resorted to, when every other choice fails. 

"Allah forbids you not, with regard to those who fight you not for (your) faith nor drive you out of your homes, from dealing kindly and justly with them: For Allah loveth those who are just." Holy Quran 60:8

How did Islam spread in the world?

The reason for the rapid spread of Islam was the attraction that the thinking people developed towards an ideal free from superstition upholding the worship of the 'One and Only God', the Creator and the pursuit of His messengers. It was only natural for those thinking people to be drawn to the practice of a faith that sought the path of 'surrender to God', at a time when their perceptions were fogged by false deities, and their agents who posed as priests. The ideal of 'One God, one humanity', simultaneously put forth by Islam, uproots the parochial beliefs put up in the name of ones birth. The access to the message of 'one humanity' experienced by those who were being oppressed in the name of religion and caste, further led to the propagation of Islam. The selfless and sincere lives led by Muslims who migrated different parts of the world for business purposes and the like, also drew the people of those countries to Islam.

To this day, Islam, which occupies the mind of man though manifold noble ways, continues to influence the thoughts and deeds of millions of peoples in all continents around the world, with its sterling ideals.